See erl on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "erldom"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "erl marschal"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "earl"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yerl"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yarl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "erle"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yerl"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yarl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "erll"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yerl"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yarl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "ȝerle"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "earle"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"eorl",
"eorl#Old_English"
],
[
"*erl",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/erl"
],
[
"*erlaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/erlaz"
],
[
"iærl",
"iærl#Old_Swedish"
],
[
"ierl",
"ierl#Old_Danish"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "eorl",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English eorl",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "eorl"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English eorl",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*erl"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *erl",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*erlaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *erlaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "iærl"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish iærl",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "ierl"
},
"expansion": "Old Danish ierl",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English eorl, from Proto-West Germanic *erl, from Proto-Germanic *erlaz; cognate to Old Swedish iærl, Old Danish ierl.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "erles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "erl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erles",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "erlen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "erles",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erles",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "erlene",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "erle",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ȝierl",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "eerl",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "erille",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "eryl",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "ȝerle",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "ȝorle",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "yerl",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "eorl",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "url",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"var": ""
},
"expansion": "erl",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "erles"
},
"expansion": "erl (plural erles)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "34 30 31 5",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Nobility",
"orig": "enm:Nobility",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
74,
78
],
[
111,
115
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
75,
81
]
],
"english": "[…] since he had at that cliff / lost many counsellors, / many dukes, many counts, / many barons, knights, attendants, and peasants […]",
"ref": "c. 1340 [c. 1175], Kẏng Alıſaundre (Lincoln's Inn MS. Hale 150), Shropshire, translation of Roman de toute chevalerie by Thomas de Kent (in Anglo-Norman), published c. 1400, folio 82, recto; republished as Alysaunder, London: The Honourable Society of Lincoln’s Inn Rare Books and Manuscripts Online, 4 April 2023:",
"text": "[…] ffoꝛ he hadde in þat rocher / Yloꝛe mony a counſeıler / Monẏ duẏk monẏ eoꝛl / Monẏ baroun knẏȝt sweẏn and cheoꝛl […]",
"translation": "[…] since he had at that cliff / lost many counsellors, / many dukes, many counts, / many barons, knights, attendants, and peasants […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A great noble subordinate to a king or duke; a count or earl"
],
"id": "en-erl-enm-noun-L62KZZzT",
"links": [
[
"great",
"great"
],
[
"noble",
"noble"
],
[
"king",
"king"
],
[
"duke",
"duke"
],
[
"count",
"count"
],
[
"earl",
"earl"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A great noble subordinate to a king or duke; a count or earl:"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 45 19 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 52 12 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 30 31 5",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Nobility",
"orig": "enm:Nobility",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A great noble subordinate to a king or duke; a count or earl:",
"An early medieval Anglo-Saxon or Anglo-Norse magnate (subordinate to the king)."
],
"id": "en-erl-enm-noun-gmq3u1Ti",
"links": [
[
"great",
"great"
],
[
"noble",
"noble"
],
[
"king",
"king"
],
[
"duke",
"duke"
],
[
"count",
"count"
],
[
"earl",
"earl"
],
[
"medieval",
"medieval"
],
[
"Anglo-Saxon",
"Anglo-Saxon"
],
[
"magnate",
"magnate"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 29 57 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 30 31 5",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Nobility",
"orig": "enm:Nobility",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A great noble subordinate to a king or duke; a count or earl:",
"An earl; the English equivalent to a count under the king or (later) a duke."
],
"id": "en-erl-enm-noun-o8JiNTdb",
"links": [
[
"great",
"great"
],
[
"noble",
"noble"
],
[
"king",
"king"
],
[
"duke",
"duke"
],
[
"count",
"count"
],
[
"earl",
"earl"
],
[
"earl",
"earl"
],
[
"count",
"count"
],
[
"duke",
"duke"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 100",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "People",
"orig": "enm:People",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A partner; one who accompanies another."
],
"id": "en-erl-enm-noun-zriE-qC1",
"links": [
[
"partner",
"partner"
],
[
"another",
"another"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A partner; one who accompanies another."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/eːrl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛːrl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛrl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/jeːrl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/jɛːrl/",
"note": "with prothesis"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈeːrəl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɛːrəl/",
"note": "with epenthesis"
}
],
"word": "erl"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*erlaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/erlaz"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*erlaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *erlaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *erlaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "osx-decl-noun-a-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "erl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erlos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "erl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erlos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "erles",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erlō",
"links": [
[
"erlō",
"erlo#Old_Saxon"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "erle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erlum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "erl m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "erl m",
"name": "osx-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "erl"
},
"name": "osx-decl-noun-a-m"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"earl, man"
],
"id": "en-erl-osx-noun-wQtxfLj~",
"links": [
[
"earl",
"earl"
],
[
"man",
"man"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "erl"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "earl"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yerl"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yarl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "erle"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yerl"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yarl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "erll"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yerl"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yarl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "ȝerle"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "earle"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "erl"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "earl"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yerl"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yarl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "erle"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yerl"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yarl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "erll"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yerl"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yarl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "ȝerle"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "earle"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "erle"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "earl"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yerl"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yarl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "erle"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yerl"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yarl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "erll"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yerl"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yarl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "ȝerle"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "earle"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "ȝierl"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "earl"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yerl"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yarl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "erle"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yerl"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yarl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "erll"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yerl"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yarl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "ȝerle"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "earle"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "eerl"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "earl"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yerl"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yarl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "erle"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yerl"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yarl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "erll"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yerl"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yarl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "ȝerle"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "earle"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "erille"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "earl"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yerl"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yarl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "erle"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yerl"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yarl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "erll"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yerl"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yarl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "ȝerle"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "earle"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "eryl"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "earl"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yerl"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yarl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "erle"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yerl"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yarl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "erll"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yerl"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yarl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "ȝerle"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "earle"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "ȝerle"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "earl"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yerl"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yarl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "erle"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yerl"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yarl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "erll"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yerl"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yarl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "ȝerle"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "earle"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "ȝorle"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "earl"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yerl"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yarl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "erle"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yerl"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yarl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "erll"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yerl"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yarl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "ȝerle"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "earle"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"Late Middle English"
],
"word": "yerl"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "earl"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yerl"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yarl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "erle"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yerl"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yarl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "erll"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yerl"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yarl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "ȝerle"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "earle"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "eorl"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "earl"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yerl"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yarl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "erle"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yerl"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yarl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "erll"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yerl"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yarl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "ȝerle"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "earle"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"raw_tags": [
"West Midland"
],
"tags": [
"Southern"
],
"word": "url"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"word": "eorl"
},
{
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"word": "erl"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*erlaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/erlaz"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*erlaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *erlaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *erlaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "erl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erlōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "erl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erlā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "erlas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erlō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "erlē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erlum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "erlu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erlum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*erl m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/erl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"noble, earl"
],
"id": "en-erl-gmw-pro-noun-01v0Ilkv",
"links": [
[
"noble",
"noble"
],
[
"earl",
"earl"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "erl"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Nobility",
"enm:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "erldom"
},
{
"word": "erl marschal"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "earl"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yerl"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yarl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "erle"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yerl"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yarl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "erll"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yerl"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "yarl"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "ȝerle"
},
{
"lang": "Yola",
"lang_code": "yol",
"word": "earle"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"eorl",
"eorl#Old_English"
],
[
"*erl",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/erl"
],
[
"*erlaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/erlaz"
],
[
"iærl",
"iærl#Old_Swedish"
],
[
"ierl",
"ierl#Old_Danish"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "eorl",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English eorl",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "eorl"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English eorl",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*erl"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *erl",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*erlaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *erlaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "iærl"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish iærl",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "ierl"
},
"expansion": "Old Danish ierl",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old English eorl, from Proto-West Germanic *erl, from Proto-Germanic *erlaz; cognate to Old Swedish iærl, Old Danish ierl.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "erles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "erl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erles",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "erlen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "erles",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erles",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "erlene",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "erle",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "ȝierl",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "eerl",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "erille",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "eryl",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "ȝerle",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "ȝorle",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "yerl",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "eorl",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "url",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"var": ""
},
"expansion": "erl",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "erles"
},
"expansion": "erl (plural erles)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
74,
78
],
[
111,
115
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
75,
81
]
],
"english": "[…] since he had at that cliff / lost many counsellors, / many dukes, many counts, / many barons, knights, attendants, and peasants […]",
"ref": "c. 1340 [c. 1175], Kẏng Alıſaundre (Lincoln's Inn MS. Hale 150), Shropshire, translation of Roman de toute chevalerie by Thomas de Kent (in Anglo-Norman), published c. 1400, folio 82, recto; republished as Alysaunder, London: The Honourable Society of Lincoln’s Inn Rare Books and Manuscripts Online, 4 April 2023:",
"text": "[…] ffoꝛ he hadde in þat rocher / Yloꝛe mony a counſeıler / Monẏ duẏk monẏ eoꝛl / Monẏ baroun knẏȝt sweẏn and cheoꝛl […]",
"translation": "[…] since he had at that cliff / lost many counsellors, / many dukes, many counts, / many barons, knights, attendants, and peasants […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A great noble subordinate to a king or duke; a count or earl"
],
"links": [
[
"great",
"great"
],
[
"noble",
"noble"
],
[
"king",
"king"
],
[
"duke",
"duke"
],
[
"count",
"count"
],
[
"earl",
"earl"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A great noble subordinate to a king or duke; a count or earl:"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A great noble subordinate to a king or duke; a count or earl:",
"An early medieval Anglo-Saxon or Anglo-Norse magnate (subordinate to the king)."
],
"links": [
[
"great",
"great"
],
[
"noble",
"noble"
],
[
"king",
"king"
],
[
"duke",
"duke"
],
[
"count",
"count"
],
[
"earl",
"earl"
],
[
"medieval",
"medieval"
],
[
"Anglo-Saxon",
"Anglo-Saxon"
],
[
"magnate",
"magnate"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A great noble subordinate to a king or duke; a count or earl:",
"An earl; the English equivalent to a count under the king or (later) a duke."
],
"links": [
[
"great",
"great"
],
[
"noble",
"noble"
],
[
"king",
"king"
],
[
"duke",
"duke"
],
[
"count",
"count"
],
[
"earl",
"earl"
],
[
"earl",
"earl"
],
[
"count",
"count"
],
[
"duke",
"duke"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A partner; one who accompanies another."
],
"links": [
[
"partner",
"partner"
],
[
"another",
"another"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A partner; one who accompanies another."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/eːrl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛːrl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɛrl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/jeːrl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/jɛːrl/",
"note": "with prothesis"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈeːrəl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɛːrəl/",
"note": "with epenthesis"
}
],
"word": "erl"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*erlaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/erlaz"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*erlaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *erlaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *erlaz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "osx-decl-noun-a-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "erl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erlos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "erl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erlos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "erles",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erlō",
"links": [
[
"erlō",
"erlo#Old_Saxon"
]
],
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "erle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erlum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
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]
},
{
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"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
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{
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],
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"word": "eorl"
},
{
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],
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]
],
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{
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"2": "gem-pro",
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"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *erlaz.",
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{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
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]
},
{
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"class"
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},
{
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"class"
]
},
{
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"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
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"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erlōs",
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"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "erl",
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"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erla",
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"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erlā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "erlas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erlō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "erlē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erlum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "erlu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "erlum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
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"2": "noun",
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},
"expansion": "*erl m",
"name": "head"
}
],
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{
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},
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}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/erl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine a-stem nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"gmw-pro:Nobility"
],
"glosses": [
"noble, earl"
],
"links": [
[
"noble",
"noble"
],
[
"earl",
"earl"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "erl"
}
Download raw JSONL data for erl meaning in All languages combined (19.4kB)
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "''A great noble subordinate to a'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"erl"
],
"section": "Middle English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "erl",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: '(nominative/accusative)'",
"path": [
"erl"
],
"section": "Middle English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "erl",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.